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OWASP LLM Top 10: Critical Security Risks

The OWASP 2025 LLM Top 10 categories, with an application-focused checklist for selecting controls and preserving test evidence.

By DriftRail · Updated

The OWASP Top 10 for LLM and generative AI applications is a starting point for reviewing common risks. Use the edition explicitly: the official page currently identifies the 2025 list, whose categories differ from the 2023–24 edition.

The 2025 categories

  1. LLM01: Prompt Injection
  2. LLM02: Sensitive Information Disclosure
  3. LLM03: Supply Chain
  4. LLM04: Data and Model Poisoning
  5. LLM05: Improper Output Handling
  6. LLM06: Excessive Agency
  7. LLM07: System Prompt Leakage
  8. LLM08: Vector and Embedding Weaknesses
  9. LLM09: Misinformation
  10. LLM10: Unbounded Consumption

Apply the list to your application

Map each relevant category to a concrete entry point, trusted resource, action boundary, and test. For a retrieved document, test whether embedded instructions can influence an unauthorized tool action. For generated HTML or code, test the actual downstream interpreter and permissions.

Prefer evidence over coverage claims

Record the release, test input, expected boundary, actual result, and remaining uncertainty. A detector named after a category does not establish that all related vulnerabilities are prevented.

Maintain the review

Revisit the relevant tests when tools, data sources, models, and permissions change. This guide is an application checklist, not an assertion that DriftRail detects or prevents every OWASP risk.

References and further reading

Maintained by DriftRail. AI assisted the October 2026 content and template revision. Examples are illustrative; they are not measured product benchmarks. Suggest a correction.

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